Sex hormones
Sex hormones are special hormones that play a central role in the development and function of the sexual organs and in reproduction. They influence the body in many ways – from the onset of puberty to sexual desire and the ability to conceive.
There are sex hormones in both men and women, but different hormones are particularly important for each sex:
For men:
Testosterone is the most important male sex hormone. It is mainly produced in the testicles. It is responsible for:
- the development of male sexual characteristics (e.g. deep voice, beard growth)
- the build-up of muscle mass
- the formation of sperm
- sexual desire (libido)
For women:
Oestrogens and progesterone are the most important female sex hormones. They are mainly produced in the ovaries. They control:
- the menstrual cycle
- the maturation of the egg cells
- the structure of the uterine lining
- Preparing the body for pregnancy
Common effects:
Sex hormones also influence mood, well-being and behavior in both sexes. They do not work individually, but in conjunction with other hormones that are produced, for example, in the pituitary gland (hypophysis) or the hypothalamus. These control the production of sex hormones and ensure hormonal balance.
An imbalance of sex hormones – e.g. due to illness, hormonal imbalances or the natural ageing process – can lead to problems such as infertility, sexual reluctance or physical changes.
This content is for general information purposes only and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis or treatment recommendations. It is in no way a substitute for a professional examination or treatment by a licensed physician. If you have any health complaints or uncertainties, please always consult a medical professional – especially if you have any questions about intimate surgery or sexual health.
